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December 7, 2023

Peneliti Oxford : Pemerintah Indonesia Biayai Buzzer Untuk Pecah Belah Publik

Peneliti Oxford : Pemerintah Indonesia Biayai Buzzer Untuk Pecah Belah Publik
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Pemerintah dan partai-partai politik 
Indonesia mengerahkan serta membiayai pasukan siber alias buzzer di media 
sosial untuk memanipulasi opini publik

Zonasatu News – Pemerintah dan partai-partai politik Indonesia mengerahkan serta membiayai pasukan siber alias buzzer di media sosial untuk memanipulasi opini publik. Demikian hasil penelitian para ilmuwan dari Universitas Oxford, Inggris baru-baru ini.

Pengerahan buzzer oleh pemerintah Indonesia itu diulas dua ilmuwan Oxford, Samantha Bradshaw dan Philip N Howard dalam laporan bertajuk The Global Disinformation Order, 2019 Global Inventory of Organised Social Media Manipulation.

Dalam laporan itu dibeberkan bahwa pemerintah dan partai-partai politik di Indonesia menggunakan buzzer untuk menyebarkan propaganda pro pemerintah/partai, menyerang lawan politik, dan menyebarkan informasi untuk memecah-belah publik.

Selain itu ditemukan juga bahwa di Indonesia, pemerintah dan partai-partai politik memanfaatkan pihak swasta atau kontraktor serta politikus untuk menyebarkan propaganda serta pesan-pesannya di media sosial.

Sementara alat yang digunakan adalah akun-akun palsu yang dioperasikan oleh orang-orang dan oleh bot.

Berdasarkan isinya konten-konten yang disebarkan oleh pemerintah dan partai politik di Indonesia terdiri dari dua jenis: informasi yang menyesatkan media atau publik dan yang kedua, memperkuat pesan dengan terus-menerus membanjiri media sosial dengan tagar.

Para buzzer di Indonesia, menurut penelitian itu, dikontrak oleh pemerintah atau partai politik tidak secara permanen. Mereka lazimnya dibayar di kisaran harga Rp 1 juta sampai Rp 50 juta.

Di Indonesia para buzzer ini bergerak di tiga media sosial utama, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, serta di aplikasi pesan WhatsApp. Para buzzer belum banyak bergerak di Youtube.

Para peneliti dalam laporan ini secara umum menemukan bahwa manipulasi opini publik memanfaatkan media sosial dilakukan oleh 70 negara di seluruh dunia pada 2019, naik dari hanya 48 negara pada 2018 dan 28 negara pada 2017.

“Penggunaan propaganda komputasional untuk membentuk perilaku publik via media sosial sudah menjadi umum, sudah bukan lagi aksi dari segelintir aktor jahat,” tulis para peneliti dalam laporan itu.

China, menurut penelitian itu, adalah negara yang paling aktif dalam propaganda di media sosial. Tidak hanya memengaruhi publik di dalam negeri, propaganda China juga sudah menyasar khalayak global.

“Pada 2019 pemerintah China mulai menggerakan platform media sosial global untuk mencemarkan perjuangan demokrasi di Hong Kong,” bunyi laporan itu lebih lanjut.

Temuan menarik lain dari laporan itu adalah bagaimana Facebook menjadi alat utama yang digunakan oleh pasukan siber atau buzzer di seluruh dunia.

Editor :Setyanegara 




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