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October 20, 2025

Revolusi Industri 4.0 atau Society 5.0?

Revolusi Industri 4.0 atau Society 5.0?
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Oleh : Helmi Adam

Sebanyak 52,6 juta lapangan kerja di Indonesia terancam tergantikan oleh sistem otomatis jika kita mengutip kajian McKinsey Global Institute.

Dalam studi terbarunya, konsultan manajemen multi nasional itu bahkan memperkirakan sekitar 800 juta pekerja di seluruh dunia akan kehilangan pekerjaan pada 2030. Sementara, World Economic Forum pada September lalu merilis laporan bertajuk ‘Future of Jobs Report 2018.’ Di mana, diketahui beberapa pekerjaan tidak lagi dibutuhkan dan akan digantikan dengan profesi baru mulai tahun 2022.

Beberapa pekerjaan dimaksud antara lain input data atau data entri akan digantikan dengan data analyst, akunting dan payroll diperkirakan digantikan AI atau kecerdasan buatan dan machine learning specialist, dan perakitan serta pekerja pabrik akan diganti analis data spesialis.

Pemerintah harus mampu mengantisipasi pekerjaan baru yang muncul dan pekerjaan lama yang hilang di era Industri 4.0. pemeritah harus menyadari hal tersebut karena akan ada pekerjaan baru yang muncul dan pekerjaan lama yang hilang di era Industri 4.0.

Saat kita masuk era Revolusi Industri 4.0. maka akan ada 3,7 juta pekerjaan baru akan muncul sebagai dampak ekonomi digital dan 52,6 juta pekerjaan berpotensi hilang.

Pertanyaannya kemudian apa yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk mengatasi ancaman PHK (pemutusan hubungan kerja) besar-besaran. ?

Bayangkan ada 52,6 juta pekerjaan berpotensi hilang, sementara pekerjaan baru yang akan muncul hanya 3,7 juta .

padahal selama ini yang digembar-gemborkan pemerintah adalah pelatihan dan peningkatan keterampilan untuk mengisi pekerjaan baru yang tersedia. Lalu pertanyaan berikutnya adalah bagaimana dengan jutaan pekerja yang terancam kehilangan pekerjaan. Apa perlindungan yang telah disiapkan oleh pemerintah ?

Jepang melounching society 5.0 pada tanggal 21 Januari 2019. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengantisipasi revolusi 4.0. yang akan mendegradasi peran manusia. Untuk itualah konsep society 5.0 sebagai jawabannya. Yaitu sebuah konsep yang berpusat pada manusia dengan menggunakan basis teknologi. Konsep ini menyebabkan manusia tidak kehilangan peranya dalam era digital. Manusia sebagai masyarakat tetap hidup sebagai pusat peradaban..

Oleh karena itu perlu adanya regulasi untuk melindungi pekerja dari ancaman kehilangan pekerjaan. Sebab, Revolusi Industri 4.0 adalah keniscayaan yang tidak bisa dihentikan. Tetapi pemerintah harus melakukan langkah-langkah untuk menghindari dampak terburuk bagi kaum buruh, apalagi ditengah bonus demografi yang dihadapi oleh indonesia di tahun 2035.

Untuk itulah society 5.0 adalah jawaban atas masalah yang timbul di era revolusi industri 4.0, dimana manusia sebagai pusat perdaban yg berbasis teknologi. Jangan sampai terbalik manusia menjadi korban teknologi yang tumbuh berkembang….

Penulis adalah Direktur Yayasan Syafaat Indonesia

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