Jakarta, Zonasatu News –Koran online CNBC Indonesia melaporkan, Badan Penyelenggaran Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Kesehatan masih menjadi perhatian publik. Bukan kenaikan iuran ataupun tambahan fasilitas jaminan kesehatan, justru kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang disorot.
Pada laporan keuangan tahun 2017, diketahui institusi tersebut mengalami defisit hingga Rp 6,74 triliun. Angka ini didapat dari selisih iuran yang dibayarkan peserta dan jaminan kesehatan yang ditanggung. Padahal di tahun sebelumnya, sempat mengalami surplus sekitar Rp 90 miliar.
“Untuk diketahui bailout Bank Century beberapa tahun lalu nilainya juga mencapai Rp 6,7 triliun. Ingat, itu hanya tahun lalu atau 2017. Untuk 2018 sendiri ditaksir defisit BPJS Kesehatan kian membengkak hingga Rp 16,5 triliun” tulis CNBC Indonesia, Jumat (14/9).
Defisit yang dialami tahun 2017 membengkak hingga dua kali lipat dibandingkan tahun 2015. Jika dilihat, kondisi peserta yang menjadi tanggungan memang terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.
Besaran Iuran dan Klaim Kesehatan (Triliun Rp)
| Tahun | Iuran | Klaim Kesehatan |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 51 | 56 |
| 2016 | 67 | 67 |
| 2017 | 74 | 81 |
Tidak hanya selisih antara iuran dan jaminan yang menyebabkan BPJS kesehatan mengalami defisit, namun juga kenaikan biaya operasional. Dari laporan keuangan yang ada, biaya operasional meningkat hampir 200 miliar. Tidak hanya itu, pengeluaran lain-lain juga meningkat signifikan hingga 40 kali lipat
Kondisi pengeluaran yang begitu membludak, tentu memberikan dampak negatif bagi neraca keuangan. Akibatnya, defisit pun tidak terhindarkan. Pemerintah sendiri berencana turun tangan, dengan memberikan bantuan.
Kementerian Keuangan melalui peraturan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan (PMK) 113/PMK.02/2018 tentang tata cara penyediaan, pencairan dan pertanggungjawaban dana cadangan program jaminan kesehatan nasional, telah mengkonfirmasi akan mencairkan bantuan untuk institusi tersebut.
Urgensi penting institusi tersebut dalam menjamin kesehatan masyarakat Indonesia, mendorong pemerintah harus turun tangan. Akan tetapi, bantuan tersebut tidak bisa selalu diandalkan. BPJS harus mencari sumber pendanaan lain yang bisa didapatkan guna menutupi defisit yang ada.
Optimalisasi Aktivitas Investasi dan Meningkatkan Kedisplinan Pembayaran Iuran
Sumber pendanaan tidak hanya berasal dari iuran, namun juga pendapatan investasi. Di tahun 2017, BPJS kesehatan mendapatkan pendapatan bunga investasi hingga Rp 117 miliar atau meningkat hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan 2016.
Di tahun 2018 ini, pos penerimaan tentu masih bisa diandalkan. Namun hal tersebut sulit dilakukan jika BPJS tidak memiliki sumber pendanaan yang mencukupi. Oleh karena itu, kedispilinan pembayaran iuran penting. Selain digunakan untuk membayar klaim kesehatan, juga bisa menjadi sumber pendanaan investasi.
Di sisi lain, pemerintah juga perlu mendorong pengeluaran dari sisi klaim melalui imbauan peningkatan kedisplinan masyarakat terhadap kesehatan. Data klaim kesehatan di 2017 yang meningkat tajam, menjadi cerminan jika kepedulian masyarakat terhadap kesehatan menurun. Oleh karena itu, imbauan gaya hidup sehat menjadi kunci guna menekan angka klaim yang menjadi sumber defisit pada tahun 2017.
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