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October 21, 2025

Perpanjangan Blok Corridor : Keputusan Rasional Yang Tidak Populis

Perpanjangan Blok Corridor : Keputusan Rasional Yang Tidak Populis
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Oleh : Budi Puryanto

Tenaga Ahli Komisi VI DPR (2014-2018)

Konsorsium ConocoPhillips-Repsol dan Pertamina kembali mendapatkan perpanjangan kontrak selama 20 tahun setelah kontrak tersebut habis di 2023. Beda dengan Blok Mahakam dan Rokan yang diberikan pengelolaannya ke Pertamina, skema perpanjangan Blok corridor adalah kesepakatan bisnis ConocoPhillips-Repsol-Pertamina. Ini kemudian dijadikan keputusan pemerintah melalui Kementerian Energi Sumber Daya Mineral. Komposisi saham Pertamina meningkat 200% dari 10% ke 30%. Meskipun mayoritas saham masih dimiliki Conocophilips, mulai 2026 Pertamina akan menjadi operator, dengan masa Transisi operator dari ConocoPhilips ke Pertamina dilakukan di 2023-2026.

Namun perpanjangan kontrak blok migas di Sumatera Selatan itu memantik reaksi cukup keras dari para pengamat energy. Misalnya, Direktur Eksekutif ReforMiner Institute Komaidi Notonegoro, Direktur Eksekutif Energy Watch Mamit Setiawan dan Direktur Eksekutif CERI Yusri Usman.

Pada intinya mereka ingin Pemerintah mengambil alih total pengelolaan Blok ini,  setelah sebelumnya berhasil mengambil alih Blok Mahakam di Kalimantan Timur dan Blok Rokan di Riau.

Semangat nasionalisasi yang diusung para pengamat energy ini tidak bisa disalahkan. Tentu motivasinya baik. Dan berharap kedaulatan energy dan sumberdaya alam Indonesia terjaga. Tagline yang diusung mungkin begini : “masak sih kita tidak bisa kelola sendiri? Tuh buktinya Blok Mahakam dan Rokan bisa. Lalu, disusul praduga, ada apa dengan perpanjangan Blok Corridor?”

Disisi berbeda, sisi pemegang otoritas, kebijakan perpanjangan itu sebagai manifestasi sikap menjaga kepentingan nasional dan iklim bisnis agar tetap kondusif. Juga, menghindari langkah nasionalisasi “salah kaprah” yang bisa merugikan negara. Kepentingan nasional menjadi fokus pertimbangannya.

Nasionalisasi aset-aset strategis seperti tambang migas ini adalah sikap terpuji dan menjadi dambaan sebagian besar rakyat. Tapi kebijakan nasionalisasi juga harus rasional dan obyektif. Dalam kerangka jangka panjang untuk menjaga ketahanan energy, sikap ini perlu didukung sepenuhnya. Dan pula, cukup prasyaratnya, kondisi ekonomi pemerintah berada dalam posisi sehat dan “baik-baik” saja. 

Sekarang? Defisit neraca perdagangan kita bersumber dari defisit perdagangan migas. Sejak tahun 2014-2018 neraca perdagangan dari sektor migas selalu negatif. (lihat tabel dibawah). Maknanya, dalam kondisi saat ini  menjaga produksi migas tidak turun menjadi lebih penting dan mendesak dilakukan. Ini keputusan rasional tapi memang tidak populis.

Statistik Neraca Perdagangan Indonesia (Migas Non Migas) tahun 2014-2018

Fakta berikutnya, kinerja PT Pertamina (Persero) dan anak usahanya hari ini tidak menggembirakan. Musababnya karena produksi dan lifting migas perusahaan migas pelat merah ini terus merosot.

Seperti dijelaskan Kepala SKK Migas, Dwi Soetjipto, dari 10 besar ada 6 KKKS yang liftingnya turun. Dari 6 itu ada 5 dari Pertamina. 

5 Kontraktor Kontrak Kerja Sama (KKKS) Pertamina tersebut adalah PT Pertamina EP, Pertamina Hulu Mahakam, Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore South East Sumatra (PHE OSES), Pertamina Hulu Offshore North West Java (PHE ONWJ), dan Pertamina Hulu Kalimantan Timur (PHKT).

Penurunan ini menjadi perhatian serius pemerintah. Apalagi blok tersebut sebagian adalah blok strategis yang sebelumnya dipegang oleh kontraktor asing, kini dipercayakan pemerintah ke Pertamina.

“Kondisi turunnya lifting migas di blok-blok terminasi yang dikelola Pertamina menjadi pertimbangan besar dalam pengelolaan Blok Corridor,” kata Dwi.

Transisi

Pemerintah tentunya tidak ingin penurunan kinerja dalam beberapa blok terminasi yang dikelola Pertamina terulang. Oleh karena itu bisa dipahami bila proses transisi di Blok Corridor sangat diperhatikan.

Keberlangsungan produksi dan lifting menjadi kata kunci dalam kebijakan transisi itu. Bisa dikatakatan ini bentuk rasa “sayang” Pemerintah kepada Pertamina, setelah memperhatikan kondisinya yang saat ini tidak dalam performa terbaiknya.

Perlunya masa transisi tersebut bertujuan agar masa peralihan di Blok Corridor tetap ekonomis. 

Sampai disini persoalan cukup jelas. Karena itu saya menilai tudingan “Menusuk Pertamina dari belakang”, lalu “Mengebiri Pertamina”, adalah tudingan yang terlalu berlebihan dan tendensius.

 

Editor : Setyanegara 

 

 

 

 

 

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